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Trestec
Dubai, Jeddah and Doha skylines

Gulf region

Outsourcing oversight across Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Qatar and Bahrain.

Overview

Outsourcing oversight in the Gulf is jurisdiction-specific. Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar and Bahrain have distinct regulators and rulebooks.

Within some countries there is more than one regime. In the UAE, the Central Bank of the UAE (CBUAE) regulates banks at federal level, while the Dubai Financial Services Authority (DFSA) regulates firms in the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC) and the Financial Services Regulatory Authority (FSRA) regulates firms in Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM). In Qatar, the Qatar Financial Centre Regulatory Authority (QFCRA) and Qatar Central Bank (QCB) operate separate regimes.

Across the region, outsourcing rules share common themes: board accountability, a materiality assessment, due diligence, written agreements that preserve access for the firm and the regulator, data location and confidentiality, business continuity and exit. A recurring difference from UK and EU practice is that material outsourcing more often requires the regulator’s prior approval or no-objection rather than notification alone, in several regimes (for example SAMA, the CBUAE for banks and the CBB).

In Trestec you can record these regimes against each entity and use the same supplier, contract and evidence record. Rules specific to each regulator are being added.

Applies to

  • Saudi Arabia: Banks licensed by SAMA, under the SAMA Rules on Outsourcing (15 December 2019); finance companies under separate SAMA Rules on Outsourcing for Finance Companies; insurers are supervised by the Insurance Authority, with existing SAMA insurance rules in place until it replaces them.
  • United Arab Emirates: All banks operating in the UAE, under the CBUAE Outsourcing Regulation for Banks; Authorised Firms in the DIFC regulated by the DFSA; Authorised Persons in ADGM regulated by the FSRA.
  • Qatar: QFCRA-authorised firms in the Qatar Financial Centre, and banks and financial institutions regulated by Qatar Central Bank.
  • Bahrain: CBB licensees, including conventional and Islamic banks, insurance licensees and investment business firms, under the volume that applies to their licence. For banks, the rules sit in Module OM (Operational Risk Management), Chapter OM-3; other volumes place them differently.

Scope and applicability

Confirm the requirements that apply to your entity, the service and the arrangement before selecting the depth of review. How the rules apply depends on your entity.

Key dates

Saudi Arabia

15 December 2019: SAMA Rules on Outsourcing for banks

United Arab Emirates

2021: CBUAE Outsourcing Regulation for Banks; DFSA and FSRA rulebooks updated over time

Qatar

2020: QFCRA Governance and Controlled Functions Rules (CTRL)

Bahrain

CBB Rulebook: check the current OM module for your licence volume

24 May 2017

SAMA Cyber Security Framework issued

2021

CBUAE Outsourcing Regulation for Banks issued (Circular No. 14/2021)

Oversight by jurisdiction

Saudi Arabia

SAMA

SAMA Rules on Outsourcing; SAMA Cyber Security Framework (third party cyber security)

Banks licensed by SAMA, under the SAMA Rules on Outsourcing (15 December 2019); finance companies under separate SAMA Rules on Outsourcing for Finance Companies; insurers are supervised by the Insurance Authority, with existing SAMA insurance rules in place until it replaces them.

SAMA’s outsourcing rules expect a board-approved outsourcing policy, a materiality assessment, due diligence on the provider and a written agreement. Material outsourcing needs SAMA’s written no-objection, applied for at least 15 business days ahead for domestic banks and 30 days for foreign banks, and any outsourcing to a provider outside the Kingdom also needs SAMA’s written no-objection. The SAMA Cyber Security Framework covers third party cyber security in section 3.4: contract and vendor management, outsourcing and cloud computing. Review data location, confidentiality, business continuity and exit against the applicable rules.

Trestec connects the provider record, assessment, evidence and contract review. You can record each regime against the entity it applies to; rules specific to each regulator are being added. Check the current rulebook before relying on dates and references.

United Arab Emirates

CBUAE · DFSA · FSRA

CBUAE Outsourcing Regulation for Banks and accompanying Standards; DFSA General Module (GEN) outsourcing rules in DIFC; FSRA General Rulebook (GEN) outsourcing rules and guidance in ADGM

All banks operating in the UAE, under the CBUAE Outsourcing Regulation for Banks; Authorised Firms in the DIFC regulated by the DFSA; Authorised Persons in ADGM regulated by the FSRA.

Each regime is separate. The CBUAE Outsourcing Regulation for Banks and its Standards (Circular No. 14/2021) set expectations on governance, materiality, due diligence, agreements, data, business continuity and exit. Material outsourcing needs the CBUAE’s prior non-objection, and customers’ confidential data may not leave the UAE without CBUAE approval and customer consent. In the DIFC, an Authorised Person stays responsible for outsourced functions and must inform the DFSA about any material outsourcing arrangement (DFSA GEN 5.3.21 to 5.3.22); the contract must give the DFSA access to information and premises. In ADGM, the FSRA General Rulebook sets outsourcing rules, including within a group (GEN 3.3.31 to 3.3.32) Check notice timing with your regulator..

Trestec connects the provider record, assessment, evidence and contract review. You can record each regime against the entity it applies to; rules specific to each regulator are being added. Check the current rulebook before relying on dates and references.

Qatar

QFCRA · Qatar Central Bank

QFCRA rules for firms in the Qatar Financial Centre; Qatar Central Bank instructions to banks and financial institutions on outsourcing

QFCRA-authorised firms in the Qatar Financial Centre, and banks and financial institutions regulated by Qatar Central Bank.

Treat the Qatar Financial Centre and Qatar Central Bank regimes separately. Both expect governance and accountability for outsourced functions, assessment of material outsourcing, due diligence and written agreements that preserve access for the firm and the regulator. In the QFC, outsourcing sits within the QFCRA’s Governance and Controlled Functions Rules 2020 (CTRL). Qatar Central Bank may require approval before outsourcing certain activities, and has issued a cloud computing regulation. Review data location and confidentiality requirements, including any restrictions on processing data outside Qatar Check notice periods, approval and data location rules with your regulator..

Trestec connects the provider record, assessment, evidence and contract review. You can record each regime against the entity it applies to; rules specific to each regulator are being added. Check the current rulebook before relying on dates and references.

Bahrain

CBB

CBB Rulebook, outsourcing requirements in the operational risk management module of the relevant volume

CBB licensees, including conventional and Islamic banks, insurance licensees and investment business firms, under the volume that applies to their licence. For banks, the rules sit in Module OM (Operational Risk Management), Chapter OM-3; other volumes place them differently.

The CBB Rulebook sets outsourcing requirements covering the outsourcing policy, board oversight, risk assessment, due diligence, outsourcing agreements, access for the CBB and auditors, business continuity and exit. Material outsourcing needs the CBB’s prior written approval (the CBB aims to respond within six weeks), and non-material outsourcing needs prior written notification. Material intragroup outsourcing needs approval at least six weeks before commitment. Outsourcing outside Bahrain may attract specific conditions, and some functions may not be outsourced Check restricted functions and offshore conditions with the CBB..

Trestec connects the provider record, assessment, evidence and contract review. You can record each regime against the entity it applies to; rules specific to each regulator are being added. Check the current rulebook before relying on dates and references.

Inside the regulation

Saudi Arabia (SAMA)

The Saudi Central Bank (SAMA) sets Rules on Outsourcing for banks (15 December 2019) and separate rules for finance companies; insurers are supervised by the Insurance Authority, with existing SAMA insurance rules in place until it replaces them. The rules expect a board-approved policy, assessment of materiality, due diligence, a written agreement, and SAMA’s written no-objection for material outsourcing and for any outsourcing outside the Kingdom.

The SAMA Cyber Security Framework covers third party cyber security in section 3.4: contract and vendor management (3.4.1), outsourcing (3.4.2) and cloud computing (3.4.3).

United Arab Emirates (CBUAE, DFSA, FSRA)

The CBUAE Outsourcing Regulation for Banks and its Standards set expectations on governance, materiality assessment, due diligence, agreements, confidentiality, business continuity and exit (Circular No. 14/2021). Material outsourcing needs the CBUAE’s prior non-objection.

In the DIFC, the DFSA’s General Module sets outsourcing requirements for Authorised Firms (GEN 5.3.21 to 5.3.22), and in ADGM the FSRA’s General Rulebook does the same for Authorised Persons (GEN 3.3.31 to 3.3.32). Both keep the firm responsible for outsourced functions; DFSA firms must inform the DFSA about any material outsourcing arrangement Check notice timing with your regulator..

Qatar (QFCRA, Qatar Central Bank)

The QFCRA rulebooks, including the Governance and Controlled Functions Rules 2020 (CTRL), set outsourcing requirements for firms in the Qatar Financial Centre. Qatar Central Bank issues instructions for banks and financial institutions it regulates, including on outsourcing, and a cloud computing regulation Check the current references with Qatar Central Bank..

Bahrain (CBB)

The Central Bank of Bahrain Rulebook is organised in volumes by licence type. For banks, outsourcing requirements sit in Module OM (Operational Risk Management), Chapter OM-3, and cover policy, board oversight, risk assessment, agreements, CBB access, continuity and exit. Material outsourcing needs the CBB’s prior written approval, and non-material outsourcing needs prior written notification.

Detailed requirements

01

Materiality and governance

Assess the applicable jurisdiction’s approach to material outsourcing and accountable oversight. Most regimes expect a board-approved outsourcing policy and senior management responsibility for each arrangement; thresholds and definitions differ by regulator.

02

Notification or approval

Determine whether notification or prior approval applies before entering or changing an arrangement. SAMA, the CBUAE (for banks) and the CBB require prior no-objection or approval for material outsourcing; Qatar Central Bank may also.

03

Provider due diligence

Review the provider and supporting evidence against the applicable rulebook, typically covering financial standing, capability, reputation, controls, security and continuity, as the applicable rules require.

04

Contractual safeguards

Consider access, audit, subcontracting and termination provisions, including access for the regulator to the provider’s premises, records and data, as the applicable rules require.

05

Data location

Review the applicable requirements on data location, access and cross-border arrangements. Some regimes restrict or require approval for processing customer data outside the country, depending on the regulator.

06

Confidentiality and customer data

Check banking secrecy and data protection obligations where they apply, such as the Saudi Personal Data Protection Law, the UAE federal data protection law (Federal Decree-Law 45/2021), and the DIFC and ADGM data protection regimes.

07

Business continuity

Retain and review provider continuity and recovery evidence against the standards of the applicable regulator.

08

Exit planning

Record how the service could transition or terminate, and test the plan where the applicable rules require.

09

Intragroup outsourcing

Intragroup arrangements are generally within scope, though some regimes apply them proportionately, depending on the regulator.

How Trestec supports it

Requirement

Scope and service inventory

How Trestec supports it

Record suppliers, services and accountable owners

Requirement

Proportionate risk assessment

How Trestec supports it

Document the rating, rationale and approval

Requirement

Board and management oversight

How Trestec supports it

Prepare an evidence-linked oversight summary

Requirement

Planning an arrangement

How Trestec supports it

Connect the proposed service to its dependencies

Requirement

Provider due diligence

How Trestec supports it

Review questionnaires and supporting documents

Requirement

Contract negotiation

How Trestec supports it

Review obligations alongside the source clauses

Requirement

Security assurance

How Trestec supports it

Keep supplier policies and certifications together

Requirement

Incident notification

How Trestec supports it

Identify supplier notification clauses for review

Requirement

Ongoing monitoring

How Trestec supports it

Track reviews, evidence gaps and outstanding actions

Requirement

Subcontractor dependencies

How Trestec supports it

Map providers behind the direct supplier

Requirement

Data location

How Trestec supports it

Record the declared locations of services and providers

Requirement

Notification or approval

How Trestec supports it

Keep applicability reviews and approval evidence together

Requirement

Jurisdiction per arrangement

How Trestec supports it

Record which regime and regulator apply to each regulated entity

Illustrative mapping, not a compliance determination.

Supervisory review: gaps to examine

Illustrative review questions, not findings from a supervisor.

Incomplete provider inventory

Arrangements held across several teams may be missing from the central record.

Review depth not explained

Document why an arrangement receives its level of oversight.

Contracts disconnected from assurance

Review clauses alongside current evidence rather than in isolation.

Unowned follow-up actions

Record who will resolve a gap and when it will be reviewed.

Approval not obtained in time

Material outsourcing begins before the regulator’s approval or no-objection is received.

Wrong regime applied

Group firms in the DIFC, ADGM or Qatar Financial Centre assessed against federal or onshore rules, or the reverse.

Data held outside the country

Cloud or offshore providers process customer data outside the jurisdiction without the approvals the applicable rules require.

Regulator access not secured

Contracts do not give the regulator access to the provider’s premises, staff and records.

Evidence you can produce

  • Supplier and service inventory
  • Risk assessments and approval records
  • Provider due diligence and source documents
  • Contract review and notification terms
  • Monitoring records and remediation actions
  • Continuity and exit evidence
  • Board and management reporting
  • Record of which regime applies to each entity
  • Regulator approvals and no-objection letters
  • Data location records by arrangement

Common questions

See Trestec on your own supplier list.